In cluster analysis, what is created as a by-product of the process?

In cluster analysis, segment profiles are indeed created as a by-product of the process. When data points are grouped into clusters, each cluster can be characterized by its defining features or unique attributes. These segment profiles provide insights into the typical characteristics of the individuals or items within each cluster.

For instance, after clustering customers based on their purchasing behavior, segment profiles can reveal common traits such as demographics, spending patterns, or preferences for particular products. This information is valuable for targeted marketing strategies and better understanding of different customer groups.

Additionally, while data visualization tools and customer behavior models can be outputs of data analysis, they are not intrinsic by-products of the clustering process itself. Statistical significance tests, on the other hand, are usually employed in hypothesis testing rather than in defining or interpreting clusters specifically. Thus, segment profiles stand out as the most relevant and direct output of cluster analysis.